This study addresses the correlation between Ringling Brothers and Barnum & Bailey Circus (RBB&BC) and their attachment to place and possession while living as part of a mobile community. It focused on two touring divisions of RBB&BC; the Gold Unit and Blue Unit. The primary research question focuses on a well-known psychological framework; Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. It asked, “What are the basic human needs of mobile populations, as according to Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, and how are these needs met?” The study also sought to answer three secondary research questions, which asked, 1) to what degree are biological, safety, social and esteem needs of a  traveling circus population being met relative to perceptions of attachment to place, 2) to what degree are biological, safety, social, and esteem needs of a traveling circus population being met relative to perceptions of attachment to possession(s), and 3) how does a circus traveler’s history without a history of residential permanence impact their current sense of attachment to place and possessions?

In order to evaluate this specific traveling circus population, multiple visits were made to different sites in two different cities in Southeastern Texas. Interviews with members of RBB&BC were conducted, and a questionnaire was distributed. Staff and performers of RBB&BC were asked questions focusing on their spatial needs and assessed their various physiological and psychological needs. During site visits, characteristics of the surrounding environment were noted, and photographs were taken. After gathering the data from the interviews, questionnaires, and site visits, the data was organized into emergent themes.

In regards to place, one of the main themes that emerged was the importance of the ordinary landscape and a pervading feeling of placelessness, among the archetypal landscape (i.e. home, the interior built environment). Interviewees made claims that views to the outdoors (a.k.a. ordinary landscape) were especially important to them individually, while collectively acting as a calendar (i.e. when looking outdoors and recognizing the geographical terrain as Texas, they realize it is mid-July). In regards to possessions, the main theme was a stronger attachment to intangible possessions (as opposed to tangible). These intangibles were individual and collective and mostly related back to family, friends and one’s cultural identity and traditions.

This study allowed the researcher to evaluate the current spatial needs and perceptions of attachment to place and possession of Ringling Brothers and Barnum & Bailey Circus’ Gold and Blue Units. This study provides information on the current spatial surroundings of RBB&BC. Further research could be conducted to assess RBB&BC’s Red Unit and their various levels of physiological and psychological fulfillment. Additionally, a future study could be conducted to further explore individual interior environments of each touring division (i.e. the train, RV, hotel).